My study evaluated the Naio Orio electric robot for weed management in Holland Marsh's high organic matter and mineral soils, using spraying and cultivation strategies. The study is a completely randomized design experiment that compared the robot’s performance to conventional methods in table beet and carrot fields. Data on weed biomass, density, canopy cover, and beet yield were collected. The introduction of the Ag-robot aims to tackle labor shortages, reduce herbicide resistance, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and minimize soil compaction.
